<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Duygu DERSAN ORHAN<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n 7 Ekim 2023\u2019te Hamas\u2019\u0131n \u0130srail\u2019e y\u00f6nelik sald\u0131r\u0131s\u0131 ve akabinde \u0130srail\u2019in Gazze\u2019ye orant\u0131s\u0131z bir \u015fekilde askeri ve istihbarat \u00fcst\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc dayatarak ba\u015flatt\u0131\u011f\u0131 yo\u011fun harek\u00e2t L\u00fcbnan ve \u0130ran\u2019\u0131 de i\u00e7ine alarak devam ediyor. Bu durum, Orta Do\u011fu\u2019nun yeniden dizayn edildi\u011fi ve b\u00f6lgede dengelerin de\u011fi\u015fece\u011fi iddialar\u0131n\u0131 beraberinde getiriyor. Bu noktada, konuya dahil olan akt\u00f6rlerin motivasyonlar\u0131n\u0131n ve stratejilerinin incelenmesi \u00f6nem ta\u015f\u0131yor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Her \u015feyden \u00f6nce Filistin-\u0130srail \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131n 7 Ekim 2023\u2019te ba\u015flamad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 vurgulamak gerekiyor. Bu sorunun yakla\u015f\u0131k olarak 75 y\u0131ll\u0131k k\u00f6kl\u00fc bir tarihi vard\u0131r. 1948 y\u0131l\u0131nda \u0130srail\u2019in kurulmas\u0131 ile ve hatta \u00f6ncesinde yerlerinden s\u00fcr\u00fclen, topraklar\u0131 \u0130srail taraf\u0131ndan i\u015fgal edilen, bir a\u00e7\u0131k hava hapishanesinde ya\u015famaya zorlanan Filistinlilerin maruz kald\u0131klar\u0131 insani trajedi hepimizin malumdur. Gazze \u015eeridi\u2019ni kontrol\u00fc alt\u0131nda tutan Hamas\u2019\u0131n \u0130srailli sivillere y\u00f6nelik sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131, Filistinlilerin i\u00e7inde bulundu\u011fu zor \u015fartlara ve uluslararas\u0131 kamuoyunda Filistin sorununa y\u00f6nelik tepkisizli\u011fe kar\u015f\u0131 bir isyan olarak yorumlayabiliriz. Sald\u0131r\u0131lar \u00f6ncesindeki duruma bak\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda Filistin meselesi d\u00fcnyan\u0131n g\u00fcndeminde yoktu ve iki devletli \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm \u00f6nerileri rafa kalkm\u0131\u015f g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcyordu. Filistinlilerin b\u00fcy\u00fck bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc ise \u0130srail taraf\u0131ndan \u00e7evrelenmi\u015f Gazze \u015feridinde zor \u015fartlar alt\u0131nda ya\u015famaya mahk\u00fbm edilmi\u015fti. Di\u011fer taraftan ise ABD\u2019nin inisiyatifi do\u011frultusunda Arap \u00fclkeleri ile \u0130srail ili\u015fkilerinin normalle\u015fmesi amac\u0131yla imzalanan \u0130brahim Anla\u015fmalar\u0131, \u0130srail-Filistin sorununda dengeyi \u0130srail lehine \u00e7evirmi\u015f g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcyordu. Hamas\u2019\u0131n 7 Ekim sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131 ile muhtemel hedefi d\u00fcnya kamuoyunun ilgisini ve dikkatini Filistin sorununa \u00e7ekmekti. Bunu yaparken de ba\u015fta \u0130ran olmak \u00fczere b\u00f6lgedeki di\u011fer m\u00fcttefiklerinin deste\u011fi ile olas\u0131 \u0130srail misillemesine kar\u015f\u0131 kendisini koruyabilece\u011fini ve uluslararas\u0131 akt\u00f6rlerin devreye girmesi ile k\u0131sa s\u00fcrede ate\u015fkesin sa\u011flanabilece\u011fini hesap etti. Peki, Hamas hedeflerine ula\u015fabildi mi? Bug\u00fcn gelinen nokta itibariyle Filistin meselesi d\u00fcnya kamuoyunun merkezine oturmu\u015f durumda, bu s\u00fcre\u00e7te pek \u00e7ok \u00fclke BM nezdinde Filistin\u2019i tan\u0131maya ba\u015flad\u0131. Ancak \u0130srail\u2019in abluka ve bombard\u0131man\u0131 alt\u0131ndaki Gazze \u015eeridi\u2019nde yakla\u015f\u0131k 43.000 Filistinli hayat\u0131n\u0131 kaybetti, geride kalanlar\u0131n \u00e7ok b\u00fcy\u00fck bir k\u0131sm\u0131 g\u00f6\u00e7e zorland\u0131. Harabeye d\u00f6nen Gazze bir hayalet \u015fehri and\u0131r\u0131yor. Hamas t\u00fcm sivil ve siyasi kay\u0131plar\u0131na ra\u011fmen \u0130srail kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda direnmeye devam ediyor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Konunun \u0130srail taraf\u0131na bakt\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131zda, \u0130srail\u2019in Hamas\u2019\u0131n sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda me\u015fru m\u00fcdafaa hakk\u0131n\u0131 ve cayd\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k stratejisini a\u015farak \u00e7ok sert bir kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k verdi\u011fini g\u00f6rd\u00fck. \u0130srail\u2019in 11 Eyl\u00fcl\u2019\u00fc olarak adland\u0131r\u0131lan, 1250 \u0130sraillinin hayat\u0131n\u0131 kaybetmesine neden olan 7 Ekim sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n \u0130srail siyasetinde ve toplumunda derin bir etki yaratt\u0131\u011f\u0131na dair yorumlar mevcut. \u0130srail Ba\u015fbakan\u0131 Netanyahu sadece Gazze \u015eeridi\u2019ne ve Hamas hedeflerine sald\u0131rmakla kalmay\u0131p, Hamas\u2019a destek sa\u011flad\u0131klar\u0131 iddias\u0131 ile \u201cDireni\u015f Ekseni\u201d olarak an\u0131lan \u0130ran ve yanda\u015flar\u0131n\u0131 zay\u0131flatmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131 ve \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmay\u0131 geni\u015fletti. Bir anlamda Hamas sald\u0131r\u0131s\u0131n\u0131, Arap Bahar\u0131 sonras\u0131nda \u0130ran lehine geli\u015fen b\u00f6lgesel dengeyi bozmak i\u00e7in bir f\u0131rsat olarak de\u011ferlendirdi. \u0130ran\u2019\u0131n, Filistin\u2019de Hamas, Yemen\u2019de Husiler, L\u00fcbnan\u2019da Hizbullah, Irak\u2019ta \u015eiiler \u00fczerindeki n\u00fcfuzu ve Suriye\u2019de Esad rejimi ile yak\u0131n ili\u015fkilerinden son derece rahats\u0131z olan ve tehdit alg\u0131layan \u0130srail, Hamas sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 bahane ederek \u0130ran\u2019\u0131n ve \u0130ran\u2019\u0131n b\u00f6lgedeki vekillerinin g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fc k\u0131rmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131yor. Bir taraftan Gazze\u2019yi abluka ve bombard\u0131man alt\u0131nda tutarak Filistinlilerden ar\u0131nd\u0131rmaya ve Hamas\u2019\u0131 zay\u0131flatmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131rken, di\u011fer taraftan da \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmay\u0131 geni\u015fleterek L\u00fcbnan\u2019da Hizbullah hedeflerine sald\u0131r\u0131yor. Bu noktada, \u0130srail\u2019in amac\u0131n\u0131n, G\u00fcney L\u00fcbnan\u2019da, \u0130srail s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131nda konu\u015flanan Hizbullah\u2019\u0131 y\u0131pratma sava\u015f\u0131 ile zay\u0131flatarak \u00fclkenin kuzey kesimlerine do\u011fru itmek oldu\u011fu s\u00f6ylenebilir. \u0130srail bunu ba\u015farabilirse, asker\u00ee a\u00e7\u0131dan rahatlayacak ve \u0130ran\u2019\u0131n \u0130srail\u2019i \u00e7evreleme politikas\u0131ndaki en \u00f6nemli unsur olan Hizbullah\u2019\u0131n etkisini k\u0131rm\u0131\u015f olacak. Hizbullah da az\u0131msanmayacak bir g\u00fcc\u00fc oldu\u011funu ve t\u00fcm kay\u0131plar\u0131na ra\u011fmen ayakta oldu\u011funu g\u00f6stermek i\u00e7in \u0130srail\u2019e y\u00f6nelik sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131na devam ediyor. \u0130srail\u2019in sava\u015f\u0131 b\u00f6lgeye yayma stratejisinde, \u00e7\u0131ban\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131 olarak g\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc Direni\u015f Ekseni\u2019nin lideri konumundaki \u0130ran ise \u0130srail kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda cayd\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 korumak ve b\u00f6lgedeki m\u00fcttefiklerine y\u00f6nelik deste\u011fini g\u00f6stermek i\u00e7in \u0130srail\u2019e 200 balistik f\u00fcze ile sald\u0131rd\u0131. Ancak \u0130ran\u2019\u0131n kendi i\u00e7 sorunlar\u0131 nedeniyle b\u00f6lgesel bir sava\u015fa girme gibi bir niyetinin ve g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fcn de olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131k. \u00c7at\u0131\u015fmay\u0131 t\u0131rmand\u0131rmamaya y\u00f6nelik yakla\u015f\u0131mlar\u0131 g\u00f6zden ka\u00e7m\u0131yor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u0130srail-Filistin sorunu en ba\u015f\u0131ndan bu yana uluslararas\u0131 akt\u00f6rlerin yo\u011fun bir bi\u00e7imde dahil oldu\u011fu konudur. \u0130srail\u2019in mevcut g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fc ve kazan\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131 elde etmesinde tarihsel olarak \u00f6nce \u0130ngiltere\u2019nin sonras\u0131nda da ABD\u2019nin rol\u00fc b\u00fcy\u00fckt\u00fcr. ABD ve \u0130srail aras\u0131nda organik bir ba\u011f oldu\u011fu ve ABD y\u00f6netiminin her \u015fartta \u0130srail\u2019in arkas\u0131nda durdu\u011funa dair bir inan\u0131\u015f vard\u0131r. 7 Ekim sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131 sonras\u0131nda da Biden y\u00f6netimi, \u0130srail\u2019in politikalar\u0131na destek verdi, \u0130srail\u2019e ek askeri sistemler ve personel temin ederek \u0130srail\u2019in elini g\u00fc\u00e7lendirdi. \u0130ran\u2019\u0131n ve vekillerinin Orta Do\u011fu\u2019daki g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fc zay\u0131flatmak \u015f\u00fcphesiz ki ABD\u2019nin stratejik hedefleri aras\u0131nda ve bu ba\u011flamda \u0130srail\u2019in de arkas\u0131nda duruyor ancak Ba\u015fkanl\u0131k se\u00e7imlerinin verdi\u011fi rehavet ve Irak, Afganistan hezimetleri sonras\u0131 \u00fclke i\u00e7erisinde artan sava\u015f kar\u015f\u0131t\u0131 tutumdan \u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fc \u0130ran\u2019\u0131 i\u00e7ine alan bir b\u00f6lgesel sava\u015ftan da ka\u00e7\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6zlemleniyor. ABD\u2019nin yeni Ba\u015fkan\u0131 olarak se\u00e7ilen Donald Trump\u2019\u0131n t\u00fcm sava\u015flar\u0131 bitirece\u011fine dair iddial\u0131 yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n Orta Do\u011fu\u2019ya y\u00f6nelik etkilerinin nas\u0131l olaca\u011f\u0131 tart\u0131\u015fma konusudur. Trump y\u00f6netiminin Netanyahu\u2019n\u0131n yan\u0131nda yer alaca\u011f\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131kt\u0131r ancak Orta Do\u011fu\u2019daki s\u0131cak \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n sona erdirilmesi i\u00e7in inisiyatif alarak daha \u00f6nce \u00f6nc\u00fcs\u00fc oldu\u011fu \u0130brahim Anla\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131 canland\u0131rarak ve geni\u015fleterek, \u0130srail\u2019in kazan\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131 diplomasi masas\u0131nda elde etmesinin \u00f6n\u00fcn\u00fc a\u00e7ma y\u00f6n\u00fcnde ad\u0131mlar atmas\u0131 beklenebilir.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" 7 Ekim 2023\u2019te Hamas\u2019\u0131n \u0130srail\u2019e y\u00f6nelik sald\u0131r\u0131s\u0131 ve akabinde \u0130srail\u2019in Gazze\u2019ye orant\u0131s\u0131z bir \u015fekilde askeri ve istihbarat \u00fcst\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc dayatarak ba\u015flatt\u0131\u011f\u0131 yo\u011fun harek\u00e2t L\u00fcbnan ve \u0130ran\u2019\u0131 de i\u00e7ine alarak devam ediyor.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":847,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[27],"tags":[],"series":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.atilim.edu.tr\/manzara-politik\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/808"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.atilim.edu.tr\/manzara-politik\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.atilim.edu.tr\/manzara-politik\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.atilim.edu.tr\/manzara-politik\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/6"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.atilim.edu.tr\/manzara-politik\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=808"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.atilim.edu.tr\/manzara-politik\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/808\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":848,"href":"https:\/\/www.atilim.edu.tr\/manzara-politik\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/808\/revisions\/848"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.atilim.edu.tr\/manzara-politik\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/847"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.atilim.edu.tr\/manzara-politik\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=808"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.atilim.edu.tr\/manzara-politik\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=808"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.atilim.edu.tr\/manzara-politik\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=808"},{"taxonomy":"series","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.atilim.edu.tr\/manzara-politik\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fseries&post=808"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}